Optimal. Leaf size=376 \[ -\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 x}-\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {c} x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\left (2 A b-3 a B+\sqrt {a} A \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.14, antiderivative size = 376, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 5, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 27, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.148, Rules used = {1295, 1211,
1117, 1209} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {a} A \sqrt {c}-3 a B+2 A b\right ) F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) (2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 x}-\frac {\sqrt {c} x (2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}-\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1117
Rule 1209
Rule 1211
Rule 1295
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {A+B x^2}{x^4 \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx &=-\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3}-\frac {\int \frac {2 A b-3 a B+A c x^2}{x^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 a}\\ &=-\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 x}+\frac {\int \frac {-a A c-(2 A b-3 a B) c x^2}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 a^2}\\ &=-\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 x}+\frac {\left ((2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {c}\right ) \int \frac {1-\frac {\sqrt {c} x^2}{\sqrt {a}}}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 a^{3/2}}-\frac {\left (\left (2 A b-3 a B+\sqrt {a} A \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt {c}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \, dx}{3 a^{3/2}}\\ &=-\frac {A \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a x^3}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 x}-\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt {c} x \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}{3 a^2 \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )}+\frac {(2 A b-3 a B) \sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} E\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{3 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}-\frac {\left (2 A b-3 a B+\sqrt {a} A \sqrt {c}\right ) \sqrt [4]{c} \left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a+b x^2+c x^4}{\left (\sqrt {a}+\sqrt {c} x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{c} x}{\sqrt [4]{a}}\right )|\frac {1}{4} \left (2-\frac {b}{\sqrt {a} \sqrt {c}}\right )\right )}{6 a^{7/4} \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 10.42, size = 373, normalized size = 0.99 \begin {gather*} \frac {-\frac {4 \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right ) \left (-2 A b x^2+a \left (A+3 B x^2\right )\right )}{x^3}+\frac {i \sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 c x^2}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \sqrt {1+\frac {2 c x^2}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \left (-\left ((2 A b-3 a B) \left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) E\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )\right )+\left (3 a B \left (b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )+2 A \left (-b^2+a c+b \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )\right ) F\left (i \sinh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt {2} \sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} x\right )|\frac {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {\frac {c}{b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}}}{12 a^2 \sqrt {a+b x^2+c x^4}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 0.05, size = 656, normalized size = 1.74
method | result | size |
risch | \(-\frac {\sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (-2 A b \,x^{2}+3 a B \,x^{2}+a A \right )}{3 a^{2} x^{3}}-\frac {c \left (-\frac {\left (2 A b -3 a B \right ) a \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}+\frac {a A \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}\right )}{3 a^{2}}\) | \(418\) |
elliptic | \(-\frac {A \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 a \,x^{3}}+\frac {\left (2 A b -3 a B \right ) \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 a^{2} x}-\frac {c A \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{12 a \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}+\frac {c \left (2 A b -3 a B \right ) \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{6 a \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\) | \(431\) |
default | \(B \left (-\frac {\sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{a x}-\frac {c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{2 \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\right )+A \left (-\frac {\sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 a \,x^{3}}+\frac {2 b \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}{3 a^{2} x}-\frac {c \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )}{12 a \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}}+\frac {c b \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {4-\frac {2 \left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \sqrt {4+\frac {2 \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) x^{2}}{a}}\, \left (\EllipticF \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )-\EllipticE \left (\frac {x \sqrt {2}\, \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}}{2}, \frac {\sqrt {-4+\frac {2 b \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}{a c}}}{2}\right )\right )}{3 a \sqrt {\frac {-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{a}}\, \sqrt {c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}\, \left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right )}\right )\) | \(656\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: TypeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {A + B x^{2}}{x^{4} \sqrt {a + b x^{2} + c x^{4}}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {B\,x^2+A}{x^4\,\sqrt {c\,x^4+b\,x^2+a}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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